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I. Sacrifices - Korbanos
"In the ninth book I will include commandments regarding
sacrifices by individuals. And I have called this book
the Book of Sacrifices."
50. The Passover Sacrifice - Korban Pesach
We are commanded to offer the Passover sacrifice, a
male lamb or kid, on the afternoon of the 14th of Nisan
[as it says "You shall take of the lambs or of the kids
a male in its first year and guard it until the 14th of
this month, and all the congregation of Israel shall slaughter
it in the afternoon"1]. One should bring peace-offerings
at the same time, as it says "And you shall slaughter
a Passover, sheep and cattle, to Ha-Shem your G-d".2
It is forbidden for anyone who has leaven in his possession
to participate in it, as it says "You shall not slaughter
the blood of my sacrifice on leaven".3 It is forbidden
to leave overnight the parts of it that are supposed to be
burned on the altar, as it says "And the fat of my festival
shall not lie over until morning".3 If a person is impure
or far away [from the Temple] on the 14th of Nisan he must
offer a Passover sacrifice on the 14th of Iyar [as it says
"If any man is unclean... or on a far journey... he shall
make a Passover to Ha-Shem; in the second month on the 14th
day in the afternoon they shall make it"4].a
We are commanded to eat the Passover sacrifice on the
evening of the 15th (of Nisan or Iyar), as it says "And
they shall eat the flesh on that night roasted; with
unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it".5,4
It is forbidden to eat it singed or boiled, as it says "You
shall not eat of it singed or boiled in water, but only
roasted".6 That of the 14th of Nisan can only be eaten
by the group that is participating in it and it is
forbidden to take any of it elsewhere, as it says "[In one
house it shall be eaten]; you shall not take any of the
flesh outside of the house".7 It is forbidden to give any
of it to an apostate or a non-Jew, as it says "[This is the
law of the Passover: no stranger shall eat of it]... a dweller
or hired laborer shall not eat of it".8 It is forbidden
for an uncircumcised man or one who has uncircumcised
children or slaves to eat it, as it says "And you shall
circumcise him; then he shall eat of it... circumcise all his
males and then he shall come near to make it... and no
uncircumcised man shall eat of it".9 It is forbidden to
break its bones, as it says "And you shall not break a bone
in it".10 It is forbidden to leave any of its flesh over
until morning, and if any is left it must be burned, as it
says "And you shall not leave any of it until morning, and what is
left over of it until morning you shall burn in the fire"11; and it
says "They shall not leave any of it until morning".12 The
peace-offerings brought with it must not be left over to
the morning of the 16th, as it says "And the flesh that
you slaughter in the evening shall not lie over... to the
morning".13,b
Sources: |
| 1. Ex. 12:5-6 |
a. 1:1,5,7; 5:1; 10:12,15 |
| 2. Deut. 16:2 |
b. 5:5; 8:1,3-4; 9:1,7-9; 10:1,11,13 |
| 3. Ex. 23:18; see 34:26 |
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| 4. Num. 9:10-11 |
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| 5. Ex. 12:8 |
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| 6. Ex. 12:9 |
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| 7. Ex. 12:46 |
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| 8. Ex. 12:43,45 |
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| 9. Ex. 12:44,48 |
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| 10. Ex. 12:46; Num. 9:12 |
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| 11. Ex. 12:10 |
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| 12. Num. 9:12 |
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| 13. Deut. 16:4 |
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