Rabbi Frand on Parshas Yisro
These divrei Torah were adapted from the hashkafa portion of Rabbi Yissocher
Frand's Commuter Chavrusah Tapes on the weekly portion: Tape # 316, The
Reading of the Ten Commandments
Good Shabbos!
Dedicated This Year Le'eluy Nishmas Chaya Bracha Bas R. Yissocher Dov -
In memory of Mrs. Adele Frand
Yisro Was Impressed By G-d's Harsh Treatment of Moshe
"Yisro... heard all that G-d did for Moshe and for the Jewish people." As
a result, Yisro was very impressed and became a Ger Tzedek [Righteous
Convert]. Rashi (1040-1105) takes note of the fact that the pasuk [verse]
distinguishes between what happened to Moshe and what happened to the
Jewish people, and explains that this teaches us that "Moshe was equal to
all of Israel put together."
The Baal HaTurim (1275-1340) is also bothered by the separate expressions.
However, the Baal HaTurim is particularly troubled by the fact that the
pasuk says that Yisro heard what "ELOKIM did for Moshe". The Divine Name of
Elokim usually refers to Judgment or punishment. The Baal HaTurim says that
Yisro was in fact impressed by the punishment that Moshe almost received
(death) for delaying the circumcision of his son. This phenomenon was part
of what made such a major impression on Yisro that it ultimately led to his
decision to convert.
Rav Nissan Alpert (died c. 1987) explains why Yisro was impressed with
Moshe's harsh treatment at the Hand of G-d. Why was Moshe Rabbeinu treated
so severely? The answer is that he was different from every other person.
We see, therefore, that G-d "customizes" the way He treats people. G-d does
not treat everyone the same. More is expected of a person of higher stature
than of a person of lower stature. The average person would not be punished
with death for delaying the circumcision of their child while traveling in
the wilderness. But Moshe was treated differently.
That individuality made a profound impression on Yisro. If Moshe is dealt
with differently, then we see that our relationship with G-d is not static.
Hopefully, as we grow older, we grow wiser and become better people. We
become more experienced; we've seen more of life. One cannot remain on the
same spiritual level for ten, twenty, or thirty years. This impressed Yisro.
"I am not the same person anymore. I cannot be content to merely be the same
person who I used to be. After having seen the Splitting of the Reed Sea and
after having seen the War with Amalek, I cannot remain static. I have to
grow. I have to become better."
To Yisro, that meant that he had to convert. Now, as a different person, he
knew he had a different relationship with G-d. He could no longer be the
Priest to Idolatry. He had seen too much. He had learned too much from his
observations. That is why "that which Elokim did to Moshe" had such a
profound effect on Yisro.
This is an important lesson. The 30-year-old person is not the same person
that he was at 20. The 50-year-old person is not the same as he was at 30.
There must be growth. There is not a universal standard with which G-d
relates to man. The relationship is constantly changing based on changing
expectations, ones that are based on constant change in man himself.
The Climax Of The "Ten Commandments" - Anti-climactic?
The "Ten Commandments" ends with "Thou shall not covet your neighbor's
household..." One should not be envious of his friend's wealth, his friend's
wife, or his friend's possessions.
The "Ten Commandments" represent the fundamentals of Judaism. We could
certainly agree that the other nine commandments should be counted in a
list of the fundamentals of our religion. Each of the nine, it could easily
be argued, is fundamental to religion and fundamental to society. However,
not coveting seems to be of a somewhat "lower stature" than the other nine.
We can understand "Do not commit adultery." But is merely being jealous of
someone else's wife on par with adultery? What is so fundamental about not
coveting that it makes the "Top Ten?"
Rav Samson Raphael Hirsch (1808-1888) says that "Thou shall not covet" is
one of the most fundamental commandments in the Torah. A person cannot be
an "observant" Jew without this mitzvah. This is because the essence of the
Commandment of "Lo Sachmod" (Thou shall not covet) is the concept of
personalized Divine Providence (Hashgocha Pratis).
Not only is there a G-d who Created the world, who took us out of Egypt,
and who is interested in global affairs, but there is a G-d who is
interested every one of our lives. He is concerned with how much money we
earn and where we live and what we do. He is intimately involved with each
of our lives. This is known as Hashgocha Pratis.
That is why we should not covet our neighbor's wife. If we believe in
Hasghocha Pratis then we believe that the wife that G-d gave us is the wife
that he wanted us to have. For better or for worse -- she is the one.
Likewise, we have the job that He wants us to have, we drive the car that
He wants us to drive, and we earn the money that He wants us to earn --
because He decided that these things are good for us. When we start acting
jealous and thinking, "if only I had his wife, or his job or his money..."
we are in effect denying that it is G-d who gave us this wife and this job
and this salary.
Lo Sachmod is the affirmation that all that I possess in this world is
custom-designed and special delivered to me from G-d. That is why this
commandment belongs in the "Ten Commandments". If we believe, as some do,
that G-d only worries about "the big picture" -- war or no war -- but not
about how much I should earn this year, this indicates a major lack in our
state of belief. One who appropriately believes in personalized Divine
Providence, will not desire someone else's wife or job or car.
Transcribed by David Twersky; Seattle, Washington.
Technical Assistance by Dovid Hoffman; Yerushalayim.
This write-up was adapted from the hashkafa portion of Rabbi Yissocher
Frand's Commuter Chavrusah Torah Tape series on the weekly Torah portion.
The complete list of halachic topics covered in this series for Parshas
Yisro are provided below:
- Tape # 042 - Kiddush: To Sit or Not to Sit
- Tape # 085 - Christianity in Halacha
- Tape # 133 - Honoring In Laws
- Tape # 180 - The Mitzvah of Kiddush for Men and Women
- Tape # 226 - The Fearless Judge: A Difficult Task
- Tape # 270 - Paternal Wishes vs. Staying in Israel
- Tape # 316 - The Reading of the "Aseres Hadibros"
- Tape # 360 - Dolls and Statues: Problem of Avodah Zarah?
- Tape # 404 - Making a Brocho on a Makov Neis
- Tape # 448 - Lo Sachmod
- Tape # 492 - Eating Before Kiddush
- Tape # 536 - Newspapers on Shabbos
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