As for the interpretation, the one I've identified with the most, as both
a student/teacher and parent, is that Abraham may have failed the test. Yes,
he was ready to sacrifice his son out of obedience to HaShem, and in that
way, of course, he passed, even to the point of HaShem having to call his
name twice!
But perhaps in another way he failed by not arguing with HaShem in the
same way that he had argued with Him about His planned destruction of Sodom
and Gamorah. Aren't we intended to be the people who "wrestle with G-d (and
win!)," as our later name Israel infers. Wasn't the Akedah the last recorded
conversation in Torah that HaShem had with Abraham?
I also am not a great talmid chacham, but my understanding of Torah is
that we are permitted to question, maybe even encouraged to do so.
Then again, when I read this parashah again in a couple of weeks, my
opinion of the test may be further informed and may change. That is, after
all, a great beauty of the Torah, how it enlightens us again and again.