The Basics of Judaism: G-d & Torah: Mishnah, Gemara, and Talmud:
What are the Mishnah, the Gemara, and the Talmud?
The Mishnah is a collection of the laws that were given to Moses orally or that were instituted by the courts over the centuries following Moses' time. It was compiled by Rabbi Judah the Prince around the year 200 C.E. The Gemara records the discussions about the Mishnah in the schools in Eretz Yisroel and Babylonia during the next 150 and 300 years, respectively. The combination of the Mishnah and the Gemara is called the Talmud.
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