Why did Gideon's army (Judges 7) consist only of 300 men who didn't
kneel to drink?
It's clear from Judges 7 that G-d wanted Gideon's army to be very small so it would be obvious that the victory was due to G-d's help. As to why the drinking test was used to eliminate most of the soldiers, Josephus (V, 6.3) says that the 300 were chosen because they were timid and therefore drank hastily; but the Midrash (Yalkut Shimoni, Prophets, para.62) says that those who knelt to drink were eliminated because they were possible idolators. For other sources of this Midrash see Ginsburg, Legends of the Jews, Judges, Note 98.
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