We shouldn't be vengeful; if someone who deserves punishment
can't be brought to justice, we should trust in G-d to punish
him. See Lev.19:18 ("Do not take vengeance...") and Deut.32:35
("Vengeance is Mine...").
Maimonides in Negative Commandment 304 (derived from Lev.19:18)
implies that one shouldn't take revenge even for injuries, and
King David implies something similar in Psalms 7:5. But in fact
the example of revenge given by the Talmud (Yoma 23a) and cited
by Maimonides in the Mishneh Torah (Traits of Character (Deos) 7:7)
is that a person shouldn't refuse to lend something to someone who
had previously refused to lend something to him. In this example,
no damage was involved. If someone attacks you, either physically
or verbally, you are allowed to retaliate, though if possible you
should do it through the legal system. This is explained by
Nahmanides in his commentary on Lev.19:18. Biblical cases in which
revenge was taken include Gen. Ch. 24, when Dinah was abducted and
(probably) raped, and 1 Kings Ch. 2, where the man who cursed David
deserved punishment for insulting the king. Perhaps not retaliating
for an injury is an ideal, but for most of us, such ideal behavior
may be too much to expect.
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